Bone & Muscle Problems
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia is a chronic, arthritis-like illness. It affects the muscles, not the joints.
Signs & Symptoms
• Chronic widespread pain on both sides of the body. This lasts for at least 3 months. It is not due to any other problem. Muscle pain can be severe.
• Pain in 11 or more of 22 “tender points.” (These are shown at right.)
• Fatigue. Disturbed sleep. Anxiety. Depression.
These symptoms are also linked to fibromyalgia:
• Memory lapses. Problems concentrating. Feeling confused.
• Chronic headaches. Jaw pain. A tingling feeling in the limbs.
• Irritable bowel. Swelling and pain in the abdomen. Gas. Constipation. Diarrhea.
Causes
The exact cause is not known. Factors thought to play a role include:
• An illness caused by an infection. Emotional or physical trauma.
• Hormones. Women are affected more often than men.
• Brain chemicals and muscles don’t function like they should.
Treatment
• Exercise therapy.
• Medication to treat symptoms.
• Massage therapy.
Questions to Ask
Question
01
Does a person with fibromyalgia have severe pain, depression, or anxiety? Is prescribed treatment not helping?
You should be seen by your doctor for medical advice. Contact your doctor or health care provider to find out how soon you should be seen.
x
Question
02
Do symptoms get worse or do you have new symptoms?
Call your doctor or health care provider and state the problem. He or she can decide what you should do.
x
Self-Care / Prevention
• Follow the treatment plan advised by your doctor.
• Use biofeedback.
• Use relaxation techniques. Meditate.
• Take warm baths.
• Use a heating pad.
• Massage sore muscles.
Resources
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Download an offline pdf file.
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