1. General Health Conditions

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the brain and spinal cord. With MS, a covering that protects nerves (myelin) and the nerves are damaged or destroyed. Over time, scar tissue forms along the damaged myelin. Nerves can’t send signals like they should. As a result, movement, sensation, etc. are impaired or lost.

Signs & Symptoms

1. •Fatigue.
   

2. •Feelings of pins and needles. Numbness. Leg stiffness.
   

3. •Poor coordination. Unsteady gait. Impaired movement.
   

4. •Bladder problems.
   

5. •Blurred vision. Double vision. Loss of vision in one eye.
   

6. •Depression. Mild problems with memory, learning, etc.
   

7. •Swallowing problems.
   

Early signs and symptoms may be mild and present for years before MS is diagnosed. Symptoms vary from person to person. They may last for hours or weeks. They can vary from day to day and can come and go with no set pattern.

Some persons have only a few symptoms over the course of the disease. For others, symptoms continue and/or worsen with time. Most persons with MS get symptom flare-ups (relapses) that are followed by partial or complete recoveries (remissions).

Causes

The exact cause of MS is not known. It may be due to a number of factors. These include: A virus, genetics, and an immune system problem. Toxins, trauma, poor nutrition, and other factors may also play a role.

Persons more likely to develop MS are: White adults between the ages of 20 and 50; women; residents of North America, Europe, and Southern Australia; and first-degree relatives of persons with MS. Things known to come before the onset of MS include: Overwork; fatigue; the postpartum period for women; acute infections; and fevers.

Treatment

There is no cure yet for MS, but most people with it live a normal life span. Treatment for MS includes:

1. •Prescribed medication to lessen the number and severity of flare-ups and to slow the progression of the disease. Research favors early treatment with this type of medicine.
   

2. •Short-term courses of IV or oral corticosteroids. These reduce inflammation during MS flare-ups.
   

3. •Medications to control and treat MS symptoms. Treating infections, when present.
   

4. •Physical and occupational therapy.
   

5. •Counseling. Support groups.
   

6. •Clinical trails. Access www.clinicaltrials.gov.

Questions to Ask

Self-Care / Prevention

1. •Follow your doctor’s guidelines for home care.
   

2. •Maintain a normal routine at work and at home. Avoid activities that lead to fatigue or put too much physical stress on the body. Get plenty of rest.
   

3. •Manage emotional stress.
   

4. • Avoid the heat and sun. Don’t take hot showers or baths. Increased body temperature can cause symptoms. Cool baths or swimming in a pool may improve symptoms by lowering body temperature.
   

5. •Treat a fever as soon as it occurs.
   

6. •Get regular exercise. Physical therapy may be helpful.
   

7. •Have body massages to help maintain muscle tone.
   

8. •Get counseling, if needed.
   

9. •Get a yearly flu vaccine, as advised.

Does a person with multiple sclerosis have any of these problems?

1. •New or worsening symptoms.
   

2. •Signs and symptoms of depression.
   

3. •Signs of a urinary tract infection or of a skin infection.

Does a person have one or more of these problems?

1. •Gradual onset of vision loss (especially in one eye), blurred vision, or double vision.
   

2. •Fatigue, weakness, numbness, or tingling in the arms or legs.
   

3. •A tingling feeling that spreads down the spine and into the legs when bending the neck forward.