1.  The Yardstick compares oneself with the speaker. Example: “I think I am smarter than this person.”

2.  The Mind Reader reads the speaker’s mind instead of hearing what they are saying. Example: “He said he liked it, but I can tell he didn’t.”

3.  Filtering is selective listening; only paying attention to what concerns you or to what you want to hear.

4.  Jumping to Conclusions is having ready-made ideas about an issue before the speaker states it. You may draw conclusions which are incorrect.

5.  Daydreaming is when the mind wanders and prohibits complete listening.

6.  Advising is working on a solution while the speaker is still talking.

7.  Boxing is picking out issues you disagree with by debating or “putting down” the speaker.

8.  The Winner will go to any length to be right about some thing or look for ways to twist the facts in order to be right.

9.  The Topic Shifter changes the subject before the speaker is done.

10.Pleasing is automatically agreeing with everything even before understanding it completely.